Windy days boost the UK’s renewables sector

Windy days have a profound impact on wind power generation, especially in the UK, where wind energy is a cornerstone of our electricity mix.

The UK benefits from some of the best wind resources in Europe, particularly offshore. On average, wind power contributes about 25–30% of the UK’s electricity generation annually. However, on exceptionally windy days, this figure can surge dramatically, sometimes exceeding 50% of the electricity demand.

The relationship between wind speed and power generation is not linear; it is exponential up to a turbine’s rated capacity. Turbines are designed to generate maximum output within a certain range of wind speeds, typically between 6 and 12 meters per second. As wind speeds increase within this range, the power output rises sharply. For instance, a wind turbine operating at moderate wind speeds may produce only a fraction of its maximum capacity, but as the wind picks up, it can quickly approach or reach its full output.

In practical terms, the impact of windy days can be staggering. During storms or particularly gusty conditions, wind farms across the UK have been known to double their power output compared to calmer periods. For example, during storms like Malik and Corrie in early 2023, wind energy provided over 50% of the UK’s electricity, a marked increase from the typical contribution on less windy days. On such days, the UK’s wind fleet can generate over 20 GW of electricity, compared to an average range of 10–15 GW.

This variability underscores the critical role of windy days in maximising the UK’s wind energy potential. It also highlights the challenges that come with integrating such variable and abundant energy into the grid. Excessive generation during extremely windy conditions can lead to curtailment if the grid cannot absorb the power. To mitigate this, the development of energy storage solutions and improved grid infrastructure is essential. By managing the surges effectively, the UK can fully take advantage of the opportunities presented by its windiest days, driving progress toward its renewable energy goals.